A fraction of a second after a nuclear explosion, the heat from the fireball causes a high-pressure wave to develop and move outward producing the blast effect. The front of the blast wave, i. The air immediately behind the shock front is accelerated to high velocities and creates a powerful wind. These winds in turn create dynamic pressure against the objects facing the blast. Direct radiation did substantial damage to the residents of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Human response to ionizing radiation is subject to great scientific uncertainty and intense controversy. It seems likely that even small doses of radiation do some harm.
Fallout radiation is received from particles that are made radioactive by the effects of the explosion, and subsequently distributed at varying distances from the site of the blast. While any nuclear explosion in the atmosphere produces some fallout, the fallout is far greater if the burst is on the surface, or at least low enough for the firebalI to touch the ground. The significant hazards come from particles scooped up from the ground and irradiated by the nuclear explosion.
The radioactive particles that rise only a short distance those in the "stem" of the familiar mushroom cloud will fall back to earth within a matter of minutes, landing close to the center of the explosion. Such particles are unlikely to cause many deaths, because they will fall in areas where most people have already been killed. However, the radioactivity will complicate efforts at rescue or eventual reconstruction.
The radioactive particles that rise higher will be carried some distance by the wind before returning to Earth, and hence the area and intensity of the fallout is strongly influenced by local weather conditions.
Much of the material is simply blown downwind in a long plume. Rainfall also can have a significant influence on the ways in which radiation from smaller weapons is deposited, since rain will carry contaminated particles to the ground. The areas receiving such contaminated rainfall would become "hot spots," with greater radiation intensity than their surroundings.
Ground Zero The term "ground zero" refers to the point on the earth's surface immediately below or above the point of detonation.
Blast Effects Most damage comes from the explosive blast. Thermal Radiation Effects Approximately 35 percent of the energy from a nuclear explosion is an intense burst of thermal radiation, i. Direct Nuclear Radiation Effects Direct radiation occurs at the time of the explosion. Fallout Fallout radiation is received from particles that are made radioactive by the effects of the explosion, and subsequently distributed at varying distances from the site of the blast. Page 2 of Previous Next.
Let's just say, in the case of a nuclear blast, you would want to be wearing white. First, let's get this out of the way - there is no clear-cut impact of a single nuclear bomb, because it depends on a whole lot of things, including the weather on the day it's dropped, the time of day it's detonated, the geographical layout of where it hits, and whether it explodes on the ground or in the air.
As the video above explains , approximately 35 percent of the energy of a nuclear blast is released in the form of thermal radiation. And seeing as thermal radiation travels at approximately the speed of light, the first thing that will hit you is a flash of blinding light and heat.
The light itself is enough to cause something called flash blindness - a temporary form of blindness that can last a few minutes. The AsapSCIENCE video considers a 1 megaton bomb, which is 80 times larger than the bomb detonated over Hiroshima, but much smaller than many modern nuclear weapons more on that later. For a bomb that size, people up to 21 km 13 miles away would experience flash blindness on a clear day, and people up to 85 km Heat is an issue for those closer to the blast.
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